Book description
A much-needed study on plant galls - growths on plants formed of plant
tissue that are caused by other organisms.
Most naturalists have come across oak apples, robin's pincushions,
marble galls and witches' brooms, a few of the more familiar examples of
the strange growths that are plant galls. They are beautiful, often
bizarre and colourful, and amazingly diverse in structure and in the
organisms which cause them. They have been known since ancient times and
have attracted superstitions and folk customs. Both the ancient Greeks
and the Chinese used them in herbal medicine, and until well into the
nineteenth century, they had a variety of commercial uses: important for
dyeing cloth, tanning leather and for making ink.
Knowledge of gall types increased during the late nineteenth century
and throughout the twentieth century as more species were described and
their structure became more clearly understood, and yet even today,
little is known about the mechanisms that cause gall formation as well
as the life cycles of the organisms that initiate gall growth. Since
most galls do not cause any economic damage to crop plants, research
funding has traditionally been sparse in this area. However, the insect
cycles and gall structures are amazing examples of the complexity of nature.
Margaret Redfern explores these fascinating complexities in this New
Naturalist volume, providing much-needed insight into the variety of
galls of different types caused by a wide range of organisms including
fungi, insects and mites. She discusses the ecology of galls more
generally and focuses on communities of organisms within galls, the
evolution and distribution of galls, as well as human and historical
perspectives. 'Fascinating and hugely revealing […] beautifully
written and evidently authoritative' New Journal of Botany (Botanical
Society of the British Isles)
Praise for the New Naturalist series:
'The series is an amazing achievement'
The Times Literary Supplement
'The books are glorious to own'
Independent Margaret Redfern has been interested in plant galls for
most of her adult life. After graduating in 1963, she studied part-time
for higher degrees while teaching natural history and ecology to sixth
formers, undergraduates and adult amateurs, first for the Field Studies
Council and later at Portsmouth, Birmingham and Sheffield Universities.
Her MSc research involved the natural history of thistle galls, and her
PhD covered a population study of the yew gall midge. This research
became a long-term project lasting forty years, forming the longest
continuous data set on a gall insect, and probably on any insect,
anywhere in the world. She continues to teach degree students at
Sheffield University and to investigate the natural history of galls.
She has published several books and papers, all of them on galls.
